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am i at risk of type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Month 2024: Know your risk of type 2 diabetes!

November is Diabetes Awareness Month! This year the theme is ‘Take charge of your tomorrow’, shining a light on how powerful proactive steps can be in shaping a healthier future for us all. Affecting millions in the UK, type 2 diabetes is a largely preventable condition and understanding your risks and making small lifestyle changes can really help you to have a brighter, healthier future.

 

What’s type 2 diabetes?

type 2 diabetes occurs when your body struggles to manage your blood sugar levels effectively. This happens because your body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or doesn’t use it efficiently, leading to high blood glucose levels that can damage your organs, blood vessels, and nerves over time. Unlike type 1 diabetes, which is typically diagnosed in childhood and involves the body’s immune system attacking insulin-producing cells, type 2 diabetes is often preventable.

Common risk factors for type 2 diabetes

  • Age. Risk increases for over 45’s, but cases are also rising among younger adults and even children.
  • Family history. Having a close relative with type 2 diabetes can increase your risk, as genetics play a role.
  • Ethnicity. Individuals of South Asian, Black African, or Caribbean descent are at a higher risk.
  • Weight and lifestyle. Being overweight, leading a sedentary lifestyle, and following an unhealthy diet are significant contributors.
  • Health conditions. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and certain health issues like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can increase your risk.

While some factors, like age and genetics, can’t be changed, lifestyle-related factors can often be managed, so understanding these influences can be key to taking control of your health.

Spotting type 2 diabetes

Recognising the signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be difficult, as they may be subtle or develop gradually. Many people have the condition for years without realising it. Common symptoms to be aware of include:

  • Frequent urination, especially at night.
  • Feeling very thirsty or hungry.
  • Extreme tiredness, even after rest.
  • Blurred vision or slow-healing cuts and sores.
  • Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet.

These symptoms can often be mistaken for other health issues or even dismissed as signs of ageing or stress. However, if you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to speak to your GP for an assessment as early detection can prevent more serious complications and make managing the condition easier.

How do I know if I’m at risk?

You can use the NHS Diabetes Risk Score assessment, which looks at factors like your age, weight, family history, and lifestyle habits. In just a few minutes, you’ll know your risk so you can feel empowered to start taking steps to reduce it.

Ways to prevent type 2 diabetes 

You can start taking steps today to lower your risk of developing type 2 diabetes! Here are a few lifestyle changes you can make. 

  • Improve your eating habits. Eat balanced meals that include a variety of whole foods, vegetables, and lean proteins to help regulate your blood sugar levels and support weight management. Eat less processed foods, sugars, and refined carbohydrates..
  • Do more physical activity. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity each week. This could be brisk walking, cycling, or swimming – anything you enjoy! Moving more can help you to manage your weight, lower blood sugar levels, and improve insulin sensitivity.
  • Manage your weight. Maintaining a healthy weight is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Small changes, like reducing portion sizes and swapping sugary drinks for water, can all add up to make a big difference over time.
  • Manage stress and improve your sleep. High stress levels and poor sleep can affect your blood sugars and insulin resistance. Practise mindfulness, yoga, and relaxation techniques, and prioritise good sleep hygiene to boost your overall health.

 

Change doesn’t have to happen all at once. Start with small, achievable steps that line up with your goals and fit your lifestyle, and remember that consistency is key.

How the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme can help

If you’re at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NDPP) can help you to make changes that will last, to your diet, and exercise and health habits. You can get help through personalised coaching or group sessions, as well as digital tools to help you set realistic goals, track your progress, and stay motivated.

Don’t take our word for it! Those who have joined the programme have shown significant success in improving their health and reducing diabetes risk. Plus, it’s more than just guidance and advice, you’ll also feel a sense of community as you share experiences, support one another and celebrate milestones together.

Start your journey today

This Diabetes Awareness Month, take charge of your tomorrow for a healthier future. Start by assessing your risk, either by speaking to your GP or doing an online risk assessment, and if you’re at higher risk, take your first step today to improve your health and wellbeing and prevent diabetes in the future.

Take a look around our website to find more support and information – we’re here to help you every step of the way. Take control, and empower yourself for a future free of type 2 diabetes.